Evaluation of Tectonics along Western Extension of Gavilgarh Fault Zone, Central India using Geomorphic Indices
Authors
-
Department of Geology, RTM Nagpur University, Law College Square, Nagpur-440001 (MS)
S.K. Paunikar -
Department of Geology, RTM Nagpur University, Law College Square, Nagpur-440001 (MS)
B.S. Manjare
-
Department of Geology, RTM Nagpur University, Law College Square, Nagpur-440001 (MS)
J.R. Shrivatra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/2024/173965Keywords:
Gavilgarh Fault zone, tectonics, Geomorphic indices, Remote sensing and GISAbstract
The study examines various morphometric parameters and geomorphic indices within sub-basins along the Western extension of the Gavilgarh Fault zone. The combined analysis of these factors serves as a crucial tool for assessing tectonic activity in the region, showing strong correlations with structural discontinuities and geomorphological anomalies. The study area, located Southeast of Jalgaon, Maharashtra, demonstrates recent tectonic activity, especially in sub-basins P1 to P6. Fluvial patterns within the region reflect tectonic influences, as evidenced by various geomorphic indices. The study categorizes sub-basins into different levels of tectonic activity based on these Geomorphic indices and field observations. Additionally, slope analysis, satellite imagery, and field data reveal the presence of drainage anomalies and tectonic indicators such as V-shaped valleys, waterfalls, knick points, and more. The Relative Index of Active Tectonics further classifies subbasins according to their tectonic activity levels, shedding light on the complex interplay of geomorphic and tectonic features in the Western extension of the Gavilgarh Fault zone. Overall, this study enhances understanding of the geological processes and tectonic forces shaping the region.
Downloads
Metrics
Issue
Section
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
References
Abrahams, A.D. (1984) Channel networks: a geomorphological perspective. Water Resour. Res., v.20, pp.161-188.
Argyriou, A.V., Sarris, A. and Teeuw, R.M. (2016a) Using geoinformatics and geomorphometrics to quantify the geodiversity of Crete, Greece. Internat. Jour. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinform., v.51, pp.47-59.
Azor, A., Keller, E.A. and Yeats, R.S. (2002) Geomorphic indicators of active fold growth: South Mountain-Oak Ridge Ventura basin, Southern California. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.114(6), pp.745-753.
Baharvand, S., Pardhan, B. and Soori, S. (2020) Evaluation of active tectonics using geomorphic indices in a mountainous basin of Iran. Earth Environ Sci Trans Royal Soc Edinburgh, v.111, pp.109-117.
Baral, S.S. et al. (2016) Comparison of Cartosat, ASTER and SRTM DEMs of Different Terrains. Asian Jour. Geoinformat., v.16(1).
Bhattacharjee, D. et al. (2016) Geomorphic evidences and chronology of multiple neotectonic events in a cratonic area: Results from the Gavilgarh Fault Zone, Central India. Tectonophysics, v.677-678, pp.199-217.
Bhatt, C.M., Chopra, R. and Sharma, P.K. (2007) Morphotectonic analysis in Anandpur Sahib area, Punjab (India) using remote sensing and GIS approach. Jour. Indian Soc. Rem. Sens., v.35, pp.129-139.
Bull, W.B. (2007) Tectonic Geomorphology of Mountains: A New Approach to Paleoseismology. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford.
Bull, W.B. and McFadden, L.D. (1977) Tectonic geomorphology of North and South Garlock Fault, California. State University of New York, Binghamton. In: Doehring, D.O. (Ed.), Geomorphology in Arid Regions: A Proceedings Volume of the 8th Annual Geomorphology Symposium.
Burbank, D.W. and Anderson, R.S. (2001) Tectonic geomorphology. Massachusetts: Blackwell Science, Malden.
Chopra, R., Dhiman, R.D. and Sharma, P.K. (2005) Morphometric analysis of sub-watersheds in Gurdaspur district, Punjab using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Jour. Indian Soc. Rem. Sens., v.33(4), pp.531-539.
Cox, R.T. (1994) Analysis of drainage-basin symmetry as a rapid technique to identify areas of possible Quaternary tilt-block tectonics: an example from the Mississippi Embayment. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.106, pp.571-581.
Cuong, N.Q. and Zuchiewicz, W.A. (2001) Morphotectonic properties of the Lo River Fault near Tam Dao in North Vietnam. Natural Hazards and Earth Syst. Sci., v.1, pp.15-22.
Delacaillau, B., Carozza, J.M. and Lavilk, E. (2005) Recent fold growth and drainage development: The Janauri and Chandigarh anticlines in the Siwalik foothills, North-west, India. Jour. Geomorph., v.76(3-4), pp.241256.
DiBiase, R.A., Whipple, K.X., Heimsath, A.M. and Ouimet, W. B. (2010) Landscape form and millennial erosion rates in the San Gabriel Mountains, CA. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.289(1-2), pp.134-144.
El Hamdouni, R. et al. (2008) Assessment of relative active tectonics, southwest border of the Sierra Nevada (southern Spain). Geomorphology, v.96(12), pp.150-173.
Faghih, A., Nourbakhsh, A. and Kusky, T.M. (2015) GIS-based analysis of relative tectonic activity along the Kazerun fault zone, Zagros Mountains, Iran: insights from data mining of geomorphic data. Jour. Earth Sci., v.26, pp.712-723.
Flint, J.J. (1974) Stream gradient as a function of order, magnitude, and discharge. Water Resour. Res., v.10(5), pp.969-973.
Giorgis, S. et al. (2011) Using orthographic projection with geographic information system (GIS) data to constrain the kinematics the Central Range Fault zone, Trinidad. Jour. Struct. Geol., v.33(8), pp.1254-1264.
Guha, S. (1995) Tectonic framework and evolution of Tapi basin- An Intracratonic Half-grabben in West Central India. Indian Minerals, v.49(1 & 2), pp.61-78.
Gupta, L., Agrawal, N., Dixit, J. and Dutta, S. (2022) A GIS-based assessment of active tectonics from morphometric parameters and geomorphic indices of Assam Region, India. Jour. Asian Earth Sci.: v.8(1).
Hack, J.T. (1973) Stream profile analysis and stream gradient index. Jour. Res. USGS, v.1(4), pp.421-429.
Hare, P.W. and Gardner, T.W. (1985) Geomorphic Indicator of Vertical Neotectonism along Converging Plate Margins, Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica.. s.l., s.n., pp.75-104.
Horton, R. (1945) Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins: Hydrophysical approach to Quantitative morphology. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.56, pp.275-370.
Jade, S. et al. (2007) Estimates of interseismic deformation in Northeast India from GPS measurements. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.263(3-4), pp.221234.
Kale, V. S. and Shejwalkar, N., 2008. Uplift along the western margin of the Deccan Basalt Province: Is there any morphometric evidence? Jour. Earth Syst. Sci., v.117(6), pp.959-971.
Keller, E.A. (1986) Investigation of Active Tectonics: Use of Surficial Earth Processes. National Academy Press, pp.136-147.
Keller, E.A. and Pinter, N. (2002) Active Tectonics: Earthquakes, Uplift, and Landscape. 2nd ed. New Jersey, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River.
Kirby, E. and Whipple, K.X. (2012) Expression of active tectonics in erosional landscapes. Jour. Struct. Geol., v.44, pp.54-75.
Lahiri, S.K. and Sinha, R. (2012) Tectonic Controls on the Morphodynamics of the Brahmaputra River System in the Upper Assam Valley, India. Geomorphology, v.169-170, pp.74-85.
Lee, C. and Tsai, L.L. (2009) A quantitative analysis for geomorphic indices of longitudinal river profile: A case study of the Choushui River, Central Taiwan. Environ. Earth Sci., pp.1549-1558.
Leopold, L.B., Wolman, M.G. and Miller, J.P. (1964) Fluvial processes in geomorphology. s.l., Dover Publications, Inc..
Lone, A. (2017) Morphometric and Morphotectonic Analysis of Ferozpur Drainage Basin Left Bank Tributary of River Jhelum of Kashmir Valley, NW Himalayas, India. Jour. Geograp. Natural Disasters, v.7(3), pp.208.
Magesh, N.S., Chandrashekhar, N. and Soundranayagam, J.P., (2011) Morphometric evaluation of Papanasam and Manimuthar watersheds, parts of Western Ghats, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India: A GIS approach. Environ. Earth Sci., v.62(1), pp.373-381.
Mahmood, S.A. and Gloaguen, R. (2012) Appraisal of active tectonics in Hindu Kush: insights from DEM derived geomorphic indices and drainage analysis. Geosci. Front., v.3(4), pp.407-428.
Malik, J.N. and Mohanty, C. (2007) Active Tectonic Influence on the Evolution of Drainage and Landscape: Geographic Signatures from Frontal and Hinterland Areas along the North-Western Himalaya, India. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.29, pp.604-618.
Mayer, L. (1990) Introduction to quantitative geomorphology: An exercise manual. Florida, USA.: Prentice-Hall International, Inc..
Mesa , L. M., 2006. Morphometric analysis of a subtropical Andean basin (Tucuman Argentina). Environ. Geol., v.50, pp.1235–1242.
Miller, V. (1953) A Quantitative Geomorphic Study of Draiange Basin Characteristics in the Clich Mountain Area, Virginia and Tennesse. New York, Department of Geology, Columbia, pp. 389-402.
Molin, P., Pazzaglia, F., Pazzaglia, F. and Dramis, F., 2004. Geomorphic expression of active tectonics in a rapidly-deforming forearc, Sila Massif, Calabria, southern Italy. Amer. Jour. Sci., v.304(7), pp.559-589.
Nag, S. (1998) Morphometric analysis using remote sensing techniques in the Chaka sub-subbasin, Purulia district, West Bengal. Jour. Indian Soc. Rem. Sens., v.26(1), pp.69-76.
Onosemuode, C., Adetimirin, O.L. and Aboderin, S.O. (2010) Hydrological Analysis of Onitsha North East Drainage Basin Using Geoinformatic Techniques. World Appl. Sci. Jour., v.11(10), pp.1297-1302.
Patel, A.K. (2012) Comparison of different source Digital Elevation Models with CARTO-DEM. Internat. Jour. Rem. Sens. Geosci., v.1(1), pp.27-33.
Patton, P. and Baker, V. (1976) Morphometry and floods in small drainage basins subject to diverse hydrogeomorphic controls. Hydrol.Water Resour., v.12, pp.941-952.
Petrovszki, J., Székely, B. and Timár, G. (2012) A systematic overview of the coincidences of river sinuosity changes and tectonically active structures in the Pannonian Basin. Global and Planetary Change, v.98-99, pp. 109121.
Pike, R.J. and Wilson, S. (1971) Elevation-Relief Ratio, Hypsometric Integral, and Geomorphic Area-Altitude Analysis. GSA Bull., v.82(4), pp.10791084.
Ramirez-Herrera, M.T. (1998) Geomorphic assessment of active tectonics in the Acambay graben, Mexican volcanic belt. _jour title__ v.23(4), pp.317332.
Raseman, S., Schimdt, J., Schrott, L. and Dikau, R., 2004. Geomorphometry in mountain terrain. In: M. Bishop and J. F. Shroder, (Eds.), Geographic Information Science and Mountain Geomorphology. Springer, pp.101145.
Reddy, G., Maji, A.K. and Gajbhiye, K.S. (2004) Drainage morphometry and its influence on landform characteristics in a basaltic terrain: central India—a remote sensing and GIS approach. Internat. Jour. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinform., v.6, pp.1-16.
Ribolini, A. & Spagnolo, M. (2008) Drainage network geometry versus tectonics in the Argentera Massif (French–Italian Alps).. Geomorphology, v.93, pp.253-266.
Roy, A. and Prasad, M.H. (2001) Precambrian of Central India: A possible tectonic model. Geol. Surv. India, Spec. Publ., v.64, pp.177-197.
Schumm, S. (1956) Evolution of drainage systems and slopes in badlands at Perth Amboy, New Jersey, New Jersey. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., no.67.
Segura, F.S. et al. (2007) Morphometric indices as indicators of tectonic, fluvial and karst processes in calcareous drainage basins, South Menorca Island, Spain. Earth Surf. Proces. Landfo., v.32, pp.1928-1946.
Shankar, S. and Dhaniranjan (2014) Drainage morphometry of flood prone Rangat watershed, Middle Andaman, India-A geospatial approach. Internat. Jour. Innov. Tech. Explor. Eng., v.3(11).
Sharma, S. and Sarma, J. N. (2013) Drainage Analysis in a part of the Brahmaputra Valley in Sivsagar District, Assam, India, to Detect the Role of Nontectonic Activity. Jour. Indian Soc. Rem. Sens., v.41, pp.895-904.
Shrivatra, J.R., Manjare, B.S. and Paunikar, S.K. (2021) A GIS-based assessment in drainage morphometry of WRJ-1 watershed in hard rock terrain of Narkhed Taluka, Maharashtra, Central India. Rem. Sens. Appl.: Soc. Environ., v.22.
Silva, P.G., Goy, J.L. and Bardaji, T. (2003) Fault generated mountain fronts in Southeast Spain: Geomorphologic assessment of tectonic and earthquake activity. Geomorphology, v.50(1-3), pp.203-225.
Smith, M.J. and Pain, C.F. (2009) Applications of remote sensing in geomorphology. Progress in Physical Geography: Earth Environ., v.33(4), pp.568-582.
Sougnez, N. and Vanacker, V. (2011) The Topographic signature of Quaternary tectonic uplift in the Ardennes massif (Western Europe). Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., v.15, pp.1095-1107.
Strahler, A. (1952) Dynamic basis of geomorphology. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v.63(9), pp.923-938.
Strahler, A. (1964) Quantitative Analysis of Drainage Basins and Channel Networks. In: Handbook of Applied Hydrology. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, pp.439-476.
Synder, N.P., Whipple, K.X., Tucker, G.E. and Merritts, D.J. (2003) Channel response to tectonic forcing: field analysis of stream morphology and hydrology in the Mendocino triple junction region, northern California. Geomorphology, v.53(1-2), pp.97-127.
Walsh, S.J., Butler, D.R. and Malanson, G.P. (1998) An overview of scale, pattern, process relationships in geomorphology: A remote sensing and GIS perspective. Geomorphology, v.21(3-4), pp.183-205.
Whittaker, J.M., Williams, S.E. and Muller, R.D. (2013) Revised tectonic evolution of the Eastern Indian Ocean. Geochem., Geophys., Geosyst., v.14(6), pp.1891-1909.
Wobus, C. et al. (2006) Tectonics from topography: Procedures, promise, and pitfalls. Springer.
